High blood cholesterol is a health issue that should not be overlooked by anyone. This condition can lead to dangerous complications that threaten the lives of those affected. So, what exactly is high blood cholesterol? What should you do if you have high cholesterol? The following article will provide you with the most useful information to safeguard your health and that of your loved ones.
What Is High Blood Cholesterol?
Before delving into the concept of high blood cholesterol, let’s first understand what cholesterol is!
In medicine, cholesterol is a type of fat present in the blood and various cells throughout the body, naturally produced by the liver. It’s essential for cell membrane formation, hormone production, and other functions in the body.
High blood cholesterol, also known as elevated blood cholesterol or hypercholesterolemia, indicates that the cholesterol levels in the blood are higher than the acceptable range. If high blood cholesterol levels persist over time, negative health risks and complications can arise for the individual.
Warning Signs of High Blood Cholesterol
In many cases, high blood cholesterol often remains ‘silent,’ leaving patients unaware of its presence. Many individuals only discover their high cholesterol levels during routine health check-ups or when complications arise involving various organs.
However, even though there may not be distinctive symptoms, statistics show that some patients might experience the following indications:
- Feeling of chest pain or discomfort.
- Appearance of small yellowish bumps under the skin, around the eyelids, or on the knees, hands, elbows, etc…
High cholesterol can lead to the formation of yellowish nodules beneath the skin.
Causes of High Blood Cholesterol
There are several different causes contributing to the condition of high blood cholesterol, but the most common ones include:
- Impact of obesity and uncontrolled overweight.
- Unhealthy dietary habits, such as consuming fatty foods, fried and fast foods.
- Lack of physical activity and exercise, leading to the accumulation of excess fats and calories.
- Postmenopausal women, middle-aged individuals are at higher risk of high cholesterol.
- Genetic factors, influenced by a family history of high blood cholesterol. Parents can pass on this condition to their children if they are affected.
- Regular smoking, alcohol consumption, carbonated drinks, sweetened beverages, and stimulants.
- Effects of certain medications used in disease treatment.
- Pre-existing chronic conditions like diabetes, high blood pressure, can contribute to elevated cholesterol levels.
Regularly consuming fried foods high in fats can lead to an increase in cholesterol levels in the blood.
Diagnosis of High Blood Cholesterol
High blood cholesterol is most accurately diagnosed through a blood test called a lipid profile. During this test, blood samples are taken from the patient to analyze their lipid levels. The patient is required to fast for at least 12 hours before the blood sample is taken.
In a lipid profile test, various lipid indices are assessed, including total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol (good cholesterol), and LDL cholesterol (bad cholesterol). A patient is considered to have high cholesterol levels when the concentrations are at the following thresholds:
- Total cholesterol > 6.2 mmol/l.
- LDL cholesterol > 4.1 mmol/l.
- HDL cholesterol < 1.03 mmol/l.
- Triglycerides > 2.3 mmol/l.
Potential Complications of High Cholesterol
When left undetected and untreated, high blood cholesterol can lead to complications that directly affect a person’s health. These complications include:
Atherosclerosis
Elevated cholesterol levels contribute to the accumulation of plaque in arteries, leading to atherosclerosis. Over time, these plaques can narrow arteries, restricting blood and oxygen flow.
Abnormal Blood Pressure
Individuals with high levels of bad cholesterol are prone to experiencing abnormal increases in blood pressure. This is due to arterial blockages, causing the heart to work harder and leading to elevated blood pressure. In some cases, high blood pressure can also result from excessive force exerted on the artery walls.
Arterial plaque buildup is associated with individuals whose cholesterol levels exceed safe limits.
Heart Attack and Stroke
Arterial blockages resulting from high cholesterol levels deprive the heart and brain of adequate blood and oxygen supply. Prolonged conditions like heart attacks or strokes become more likely. Additionally, patients often experience fatigue and weakness.
Gallstones
Recent statistical findings suggest that around 80% of individuals with high cholesterol face the risk of developing gallstones.
Other Complications and Disorders
- Gout.
- Neurological disorders.
- Peripheral artery disease.
- Renal disorders.
- Coronary artery disease and related cardiovascular conditions.
Early Diagnosis and Treatment of high blood cholesterol is the most effective solution to safeguard health and prevent the occurrence of potential dangerous complications. For patients, alongside following the doctor’s prescribed treatments, changes in dietary and lifestyle habits are also crucial.
Conclusion
To elaborate further, addressing high blood cholesterol through early diagnosis and treatment is of utmost importance in maintaining optimal health and preventing the potential dangers of associated complications. High cholesterol levels can lead to a variety of health risks, including the formation of arterial plaques, abnormal blood pressure, heart issues, and even conditions like gallstones.
Proper diagnosis involves thorough lipid profile tests, such as measuring total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol (often referred to as “bad” cholesterol), HDL cholesterol (“good” cholesterol), and triglyceride levels. These tests help medical professionals accurately assess the patient’s cholesterol levels and identify any imbalances.
Once diagnosed, appropriate treatment under the guidance of a healthcare provider becomes crucial. This can involve lifestyle modifications, including adopting a heart-healthy diet low in saturated and trans fats, engaging in regular physical activity, and managing body weight. In some cases, medication may be prescribed to help lower cholesterol levels effectively.
It’s important to note that changes in diet and exercise not only contribute to cholesterol management but also have a positive impact on overall health. Encouraging patients to make these modifications empowers them to take an active role in their well-being and reduces the risk of future health problems.
In conclusion, early detection and management of high blood cholesterol are essential for minimizing potential health complications. By addressing this issue promptly, individuals can make positive changes in their lifestyle, ultimately leading to better health outcomes and an improved quality of life.
John Alen was born in 1971 and is a doctor in the healthcare and psychology fields with many years of experience. He is currently working at easyhealthylive.com, a leading health and psychology blog. Having studied at Y1 National Medical University named after IM Sechenov, John Alen is using his knowledge and experience to help improve the physical and mental health of people in the United States.
